If you've seen the Sam Adams commercial with founder Jim Koch plunging facefirst into a handful of hops, it's probably Hallertau Mittelfrüh, a hop of such legendary aroma that Koch once took out scratch and sniff magazine ads with its distinctive scent.
The story of the Hallertau hop is as tangled as the bine itself, but it is generally agreed upon that the first documented act of hop cultivation took place in the eponymous Bavarian locale. The year 736 is often cited, but as any drinker knows, dates get fuzzy; especially after a millennia.
Some things haven’t changed – Hallertau remains among the top hop-producing regions in the world. But what exactly is a Hallertau hop? It’s largely a matter of nomenclature.
The original hop of the Hallertau is known as Hallertau Mittelfrüh or Hallertauer Mittelfrüher, in reference to the region and the time of season it is harvested, “middle-early”. Regarded as one of the five Noble hops and by many as the ideal German lager hop, it provides a distinct peppery spice along with herbal or citrus notes and a pleasant bitterness.
Unfortunately, this trailblazing breed is on the decline due to low crop yields and susceptibility to disease, particularly the fungus verticillium. As a result, Hallertau Mittelfrüh is being supplanted by similar, hardier breeds or different varietals entirely.